Housekeeping and Record Keeping Tasks for Teachers

Housekeeping and Record Keeping Tasks for Teachers The job of teaching can be divided into six teaching tasks. One of these tasks is dealing with housekeeping and recordkeeping. Each day, teachers must take care of the business of teaching before they begin their daily lesson plan. While required daily tasks might seem monotonous and at times unnecessary, they can be made manageable through the use of effective systems. The main housekeeping and recordkeeping tasks can be divided into the following categories: AttendanceCollecting Student WorkResource and Material ManagementGradesAdditional Teacher Specific Recordkeeping Tasks Attendance Tasks There are two main housekeeping chores related to attendance: taking daily attendance and dealing with students who are tardy. It is very important that you keep accurate attendance records because the situation might arise that the administration needs to use these to determine who was or was not in your class on a particular day. Following are some key tips to remember when taking attendance: Use attendance at the beginning of the year to learn students names.If you have students complete warm-ups at the beginning of each class period, this will give you the time to take attendance quickly and quietly without disrupting learning.Assigned seats can speed up attendance because you can quickly glance at the class to see if there are any empty seats. Tips for Taking Attendance Dealing With Tardies Tardies can cause a lot of disruption for teachers. It is important that you have a system ready and waiting for when a student is tardy to your class. Some effective methods that teachers use to deal with tardies include: Tardy CardsOn Time QuizzesDetention Learn more about these and other methods for dealing with tardy students with this article on Creating a Tardy Policy Assigning, Collecting, and Returning Student Work Student work can quickly balloon into a housekeeping disaster if you do not have an easy and systematic way to assign, collect, and return it. Assigning student work is much simpler if you use the same method every day. Methods might include a daily assignment sheet either posted or distributed to students or a reserved area of the board where you post each days assignment. Some teachers make collecting work completed in class a real time waster without realizing it. Dont walk around the room collecting work unless this serves a greater purpose such as during an exam or to stop a cheating situation. Instead, train the students to do the same thing each time they complete their work. For example, you might have them turn their paper over and when everyone is done pass their work to the front. Collecting homework should be done at the beginning of class to stop students from finishing their work after the bell rings. You might stand at the door and collect their work as they enter the class or have a specific homework box where they are to turn in their work by a certain time. Collecting Homework Tips and Ideas Late and Make Up Work One of the biggest thorns for many new and experienced teachers is dealing with late and make up work. As a general rule, teachers should accept late work according to a posted policy. Built into the policy is a system for penalizing late work to be fair to those who turn their work in on time. The problems arise around how to keep track of late work and ensure that grades are correctly adjusted. Each teacher has their own philosophy about late work though your school might have a standard policy. However, whatever system you use has to be easy for you to follow. Make up work is a different situation entirely. You have the challenge of creating authentic and interesting work on a daily basis which might not translate easily into make up work. Often quality work requires a great deal of teacher interaction. You might find that to make the work doable for the student, you have to create alternative assignments or provide detailed written instructions. Further, these students typically have extra time to turn in their work which can be hard in terms of managing your grading. How to Deal With Late and Make Up Work Resource and Material Management As a teacher, you may have books, computers, workbooks, manipulatives, lab materials, and more to manage. Books and materials have a tendency to walk away quite often. It is wise to create areas in your room where materials go and systems to make it easy for you to check whether all materials are accounted for each day. Further, if you assign books, you will probably want to do periodic book checks to make sure that students still have their books. This will save time and additional paperwork at the end of the school year. Reporting Grades One of the key recordkeeping tasks that teachers have is to accurately report grades. Typically, teachers have to report grades to their administration a couple of times a year: at progress report time, for student transfers, and for semester and final grades. A key to making this job manageable is to keep up with your grading as the year goes on. It can be tough sometimes to grade time-consuming assignments. Therefore, it is a good idea to use rubrics and if possible to space out assignments that require a lot of grading time. One problem with waiting until the end of a grading period to finish grading is that students might be surprised by their grade - they have not seen any previously graded work. Each school will have a different system for reporting grades. Make sure to double check each students grade before finally submitting them because mistakes are much easier to fix before they are finally submitted. Creating and Using RubricsTips to Cut Writing Assignment Grading Time Additional Recordkeeping Tasks From time to time, additional recordkeeping tasks might arise for you. For example, if you are taking your students on a field trip, then you will need to efficiently collect permission slips and money along with organizing buses and substitutes. When these situations arise, it is best to think through each of the steps and come up with a system for dealing with the paperwork. Tips for Field Trips

Metropolis Police Department Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Metropolis Police Department - Term Paper Example According to the discussion, the city mayor and the elite council members plan to fire the chief. The person is thinking about the responsibilities aligned in the job that will be offered. The stakeholders are intensely affected of the malpractices of the current police department. People would not trust the cops because of the latter’s unethical conducts. The possibility of replacement for the current chief is truly tangible owing to his mismanagement, but the risk is on the interim or next chief who will be implementing more changes in force and sustain credence of the minority groups. The court should investigate the atrocity of the current administration, and once the court has proven the malpractices of the police department, the department needs to be renewed. The greatest challenge for the court is to order an extensive revision of the police force staffing. It has been said that discriminations arise from the chief that criticized African-Americans, women, and Hispanic s; therefore, it is best implicated to hire forty percent of blacks and Hispanic surnamed-Americans and ten percent women in order to desist the race, nationality, and sex discrimination happening in the state. The attitudes of key staffing in the police force are the optimum significant ingredients in identifying the level of entity compliance with public regulation, and the extent to this freedom is exercised in the staffing process. Environmental elements include demography, behavior of the domestic community, and the domestic government support for assertive action. The state should uphold the greater notion of the necessity for equal employment opportunity for both men and women.

Major Depressive Disorder Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Major Depressive Disorder - Case Study Example 2008). Major depressive disorder serves as a load on the economic as well as physical well being of the individuals. It serves to be the second most important clinical condition which hinders the normal life of the individuals and impairs them from leading a perfect life. Worldwide major depressive disorder accounts as the fourth most common pathology. This psychological condition is very dangerous because it accounts as a cause for 66 percent of all suicidal deaths and it also raises the risk of pathologies of the heart and associated vasculature (British Columbia Medical Association 2004). In the United States it majorly affects the people who are suffering from a medical condition since a very long time or those who migrate to the United States and females have a greater susceptibility of suffering from this condition (Paul et al 2007). Major depressive disorder patients present with a wide range of psychopathological conditions which differ from one person to another. It is characterized by a very low consideration regarding self existence. A person considers himself to be of no use and does not have a very high opinion of him. The patients have thoughts of remorse and do not consider their existence to hold any value. They have negative thoughts regarding everything. The patient feels low and distressed and has a bad temper along with a feeling of exhaustion and weariness. The patient cannot engage in activities which require him to remain focused and has a tendency to easily forget important things. Sleeplessness is also associated with major depressive disorder but an interesting fact is that some patients might also present somnolence. This contradicting pattern is also noted in the case of eating as some patients present with polyphagia whereas others may be anorexic. The patient complains of gastrointestinal tract

Edward Tufte Graphics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Edward Tufte Graphics - Essay Example In addition he insists that an excellent graphic should be one that is multivariate. Eventually, he insists that an excellent graphic should speak nothing but the truth (Tufte’s principles 2009). Hence, any good graphic should exhibit these. In relation to principles of graphical integrity, Tufte insists that it has to be detailed and clear. He advises that the graphic has to be thoroughly labeled and should be able to show data variation. He adds that the graphic should not quote any data out of the context. Furthermore, the principle warns of exceeding the dimensions of data depicted by the graphic (Darzynkiewicz, Robinson & Roederer 2009, p. 45). Hence, graphic integrity is a very useful tool graphic representation. Concerning the principles of data graphics, Tufte insists that any graphic information should above all things show the data. He insists that the data-ink ratio should be maximized in the graphic (Darzynkiewicz, Robinson & Roederer 2009, p. 45). Data-ink ratio i s simply the core of a graphic that cannot be erased. It could also imply data ink divided by the total ink that was used to print the graphic. It is basically the arrangement of non-redundant ink in relation to variation in the presented numbers (Darzynkiewicz, Robinson & Roederer 2009, p. 45). ... Tufte insisted that people should forgo chartjunk, including the grid, the duck and moire vibration (Liere, Adriaansen & Elena 2009, p. 6). For any good graphic, details of no importance should not be included. Tufte also came up with the principle of erasing and data-ink maximization so as to be applied in some graphical designs (Liere, Adriaansen & Elena 2009, p. 6). He insisted that if these principles were applied on the scatter plot and the box plot among others, new designs would be created. He insisted that for the scatter plot, one could edit the frame lines in order to display the minimum, maximum, median and the two quartiles for both variables (Liere, Adriaansen & Elena 2009, p. 6). In relation to the principle of multi-functioning graphical elements, Tufte insists that any graphical element is one that carries data information plus performs design functions left to non data ink. In following this principle, one is able to display several pieces of data at the same time in one graphic (Mizuno & Sheldon 2012). The principle basically mobilizes every graphical element sometimes several times in order to depict or show data. The graphical element that plots or locates or plots data is referred to as the data measure (Mizuno & Sheldon 2012). One can build data measures from data though it will increase the dimensionality of the graphic plus the quantitative details. He adds that varying shades of grey depict varying quantities in a better way than color, since they possess a natural visual hierarchy. In addition, graphical information can be organized for different aspects of data at different visual angles. Also, Tufte insists that for the

Overview Segmenting B2c Markets Marketing Essay

Overview Segmenting B2c Markets Marketing Essay Over the years, the traditional face of marketing has changed. Whilst organisations recognize that they can no longer take their customers loyalty for granted, and need to adopt ongoing marketing strategies to stay ahead of their competitors (A general review, 2006, p. 23-25). Consequently, the target and strategy are crucial for a companys marketing. The company aims to bring a new brand of multivitamins called Supreme to the market. The product range includes Multivitamin and Iron, Multivitamin and minerals, Zinc, Cod Liver Oil, Effervescent Vitamin C, and Evening Primrose Oil. These different Multivitamins were identified through initial market research undertaking with the proposed target market. Indeed, it needs a detailed analysis for the segmentation and targeting process in order to reach the affluent end of the market. Therefore, it must be focus on the strategy such as segmentation, the differences between B2C and B2B for segmentation processes; the marketing phrase of targeting and how to make a segment and target market for the new range of products. Market segmentation is the process through, which consumers needs and desires, purchasing behaviour and buying habits are identified in order to divide the overall market for certain products into several consumer group market segments. Mass production, mass communication, technology, globalisation has helped create larger and lucrative potential markets. Organisations do not have the resources to or the inclination to be a single force within a loosely defined market (Brassington and Pettitt, 2006, p.193). The whole market can be seen as an orange, each segment of the orange represents a different market based upon geographic, demographic, Geodemographic, psychographic and behavioural similarities. According to the geographical factors for consumers segmentation, is where the geographical position and geographical environment variables to segment the market. Because in different geographic environments customers may have different needs and preferences for the same kind of products. According to statistics, personality factors subdivision is by age, sex, occupation, family income, family, life cycle, race, religion, nationality, variables, thus the market will be divided into different groups. Additionally, geodemographic combines demographic and geographic information together to help organizations know where the customers are and how many people there are. And then, the psychological factors, groups consumers according to their life style, personality, purchasing motivation, attitude, on different variables subdivided into the different groups. At last, the behavioural factors subdivision is that according to the consumers to purchase or used a commodity of time, purchase quantity, purchase frequency and the brand loyalty variables to segment market. segmenting B2B markets Business to business (B2B) segmentation is focused on the organization and the individual buyers. Macro Segmentation is based on the characteristics of organisations and the broader purchasing contexts they operate within. It assumes organisations will exhibit similar patterns and needs, reflected by their same buying behaviour. Bases used for macro segmentation are easily obtained from secondary information and grouped into two main categories which are organisational characteristics and product or service application. There are three organisational characteristics which are size, location and usage rate. Generally, the size of an organisation can make a difference in suppliers and purchasing. Organisations may sell according to the geographic concentration of the industries to serve. Additionally, the quantity of product purchased can categorise the difference in potential customers. Product or service application is the second group of segmentation based on acknowledge that the sa me goods can be used in many different ways. Looking at customer groupings within specific industries defined by standard industrial classification (SIC) codes. The SIC codes help identify sectors with a greater propensity to use particular products for particular applications. For example, glass has many uses to the motor industry.furthermore, Micro segmentation within macro segment a number of smaller micro segments may exist (Brassington and Pettitt, 2006, p.195).To focus on these, the organisation needs to have a detailed knowledge of individual members of the macro segment; while their management philosophy, decision-making structures, purchasing policies and strategies and their needs and wants. Much Information on these can come from published sources, past experience of potential buyer, sales force knowledge and experience, word-of-mouth, or the first hand from potential buyer. Overall, it has a number of ways to be able to segment business to business market to relate the n ature of product sold and the buying organisation. segmenting B2C markets In B2C (business to consumer) markets, there are five main categories of segmentation which are defined geographic, demographic, geodemographic, psychographic and behaviour based. Between them, they cover the full range of characteristics, such as descriptive, measurable, tangible or intangible, relating to the buyers lifestyle and the relationships with the product (Brassington and Pettitt, 2006, p.220). Geographic segmentation, it can be defined as the location for the consumer and based on the regional variables like region, country, city, climate, population density, and traffic. Demographic segmentation variables include age, gender, race, income, family lifecycle, occupation, education, religion, socioeconomic and nationality. Many of these variables have standard categories for the consumers values. Geodemographic segmentation is based on the analysis of people by where they live (Sleight, 1997, p.16) and combines geographic and demographic information together. Psychographic segmentation involves intangible variable such as lifestyle, activities, attitude, interests, values and opinion of the potential customer. Behavioral segmentation is based on actual customer behavior or the individuals relationship with the products. Some variables include benefit sought, end use, usage rate, brand loyalty, buyer readiness, price sensitivity and occasions. All the relevant characteristics from these five categories are suit for the market to segment. 2.4 targeting The target market is identified through market segmentation organisations provide appropriate products and services to meet the needs of customer or several sub-markets. There are three types of targeting for marketing mix strategies which are undifferentiated strategy, differentiated strategy and concentrated strategy. Firstly, the undifferentiated strategy approach is the demanding of the three approaches that assume the whole market is one great homogeneous unit without differences individuals in the market. Secondly, the differentiated strategy contains the development of a number of individual marketing mixes, each of them serve the different segment (Brassington and Pettitt, 2006, p.212). Finally, the concentrated strategy is the most focused approach and involves serving one specific segment. It can lead to detailed understanding of the target segments needs and wants. Discussion The differences between B2B and B2C on the segmentation The B2C markets have some similarities with B2B segmentation. However, the main distinction between both approaches is that a consumer purchases on emotion and a business purchases on logic, although they both selling a product or a service to the individual or groups, the marketing is difference for business to business (B2B) and business to consumer (B2C). The B2B market relies on very different sales strategies to be successful than the business to consumer market because the B2B sales market very relies on relationship selling and the sales can obtain in a longer term sales cycle than B2C(business to consumer) sales. The main difference is that consumer segments always much larger in terms of number of potential buyers. Consumer segmentation also bases on the buyers lifestyle and context because of most consumers purchases fulfill high-end needs rather than simply functional ones (Brassington and Pettitt, 2006, p.197). Certainly, they also have the difference segmentation for their different marketing. By the previous analysis of B2B segmentation, its divided into macro and micro variables or bases. Macro segmentation is the whole market share common general characteristics which have three characteristics are size, location and usage rate; micro segments based on differences in specific buying characteristics. In contrast, in consumer markets, in other words, it is B2C market; five main categories of segmentation are defined as geographic, demographic, Geodemographic, psychographic and behaviour. Thus they can divide into different aspects to segment the B2C market. For example, age, according to the age level to segment the market because these different kinds of multivitamins for different age level have different efficacy. Such as children need iron and zinc, multivitamin and minerals for teens and young, effervescent vitamin C for middle and cod liver oil and evening primrose oil for elderly. In addition, the gender and education level as target. Like high school, college and university, on the different level of studying they need different nutrients to supplement. Furthermore, not the same level of income for the individuals also can decide the different markets. Such cod liver oil and evening primrose oil is much expensive than the other multivitamins. Additionally, ethnic or religious background also can act as a basis to segment a market. Like as some religions cannot consume cod. Moreover, the family life cycle also is a point to have the market. For example, newly married, married for 10 20 years, with or without children. Overall, they both have different property to have the way to segment the market they needed for B2C and B2B. At the end, all the multivitamins products will have the appropriate market in the small groups to sale because of the market have segmented different layer based on the market segmentation standards. segment the market for the new multivitamins It is suggested that two main strategies to segment and target the market for the new multivitamins. One is the brand strategy and another one is the pricing strategy. Firstly, As Ruvalcaba and Elkes (2008) suggest: we have to find a way to diverge from others, to differentiate your offering through your branding work so that the offering stands out as relevant and superior in value to a clear target market. The brand is to give owner produce value-added of intangible assets, it could be used to separate with other competitors products of name, terminology, symbols or design and their combination, value-added source from the products impression of consumer heart formed. Businesses that are at the top of consumers minds have a high market share. Consistent, creative advertising will get the business top of mind awareness (TOMA RESEARCH, 2010). Brand awareness refers to the strength of a brand presence of a brand in the memory of a consumer. Brand awareness can create a reason to buy as well as a basis for a customer relationship (Aaker McLoughlin, 2007). For example, according to the brand awareness and radiation region, the new products can be divided into areas brand, domestic brands and international brand thus the new products have the different market in the geographic area. For multivitamins, the key proposition of the supreme brand is healthy. The main elements of the proposition include the kinds of multivitamins that different populations needed and keep healthy. Moreover, supreme follows a strategy of product innovation, in order to achieve a long term objectives. It takes the form of timely new product launches to enable the brand to more closely meet the needs of different types of consumers in different areas. Secondly, pricing strategy is another popular strategy which utilize for marketing. The limited use of pricing as a strategic tool to gain and hold competitive advantage has created an opportunity for companies willing to redesign their competitive portfolios and go with unorthodox strategy mixes (Thompson Coe, 1997). Cutting price of the products can be considered as an easiest way to absorb the customers. Therefore, pricing control also can be used to segment the different suitable markets. For example, the actions for the new product market can be cutting down the price to open the new market for new products in order to make more consumer known about these products, like have a small gifts if buying a bottle of multivitamins, buying one more than getting another free one or special discount for different type of multivitamins that have different kinds of efficacy, in particular date are very popular in sales industry to obtain more benefit. These actions also can execute in the center of city or the town center to segment the market. The effect of cutting price may increase the quantity demanded, however, a major barrier to the use of value pricing has been the belief that industrial markets are largely inelastic, therefore, price will not be a major determinant of quantity demanded (Barney, 1991). The reason for that is for the company, it is difficult to find the exact right price that matches the expectations of customers. Besides, blindfolded cutting price will lead an unhealthy competition environment with competitors. The result of conflicting on sale  is all companies losing profits at the end. For short term, it could be suitable, acceptable and feasible, but for long term, for example, once the customers have get used to buy the product on a sale price, it is difficult to raise the price again. Then it is unacceptable, the risk is too high. The customers would not consider the price seriously again. Therefore, the pricing strategy is not suitable for long term. Focus on fits the two main criterions of a good marketing strategy. The key of marketing is value, which can be defined as a ratio between benefits and costs between the customer gets and the organizations gives. The suitability of target is obvious, no matter improves the brand awareness, the quantity of product or the price control to share the same purpose, which is to gain profit. It is the mission of marketing. All these two aspects help the supreme to reach the goal, thus brand positioning and price consideration is suitable. Although there are risks, such as investment in advertising and building sponsor relationship with other organisations will cost, it is deemed worth the risks. Overall, continual segmentation is vital to fully understand consumer needs and changing habits. This will help provide appropriate produces to satisfied their needs and wants. Conclusion Segmentation is the tool that enables supreme to identify different groups of customers and markets, and provide the best possible products to meet individual or groups requirements. It also brings a number of benefits to both the consumer and the organization. The new multivitamins market consists of different consumers with differing needs. Focusing on branding positioning is a comprehensive strategy for the new multivitamins products to achieve a successful marketing. Whereas, as a diversified product, it should use many ways and the marketing segment strategies to sale in order to get the profit. In other words, the multivitamins still needs to focus on the different segmenting market. Alluring more consumers and keeping the regular customers in main areas to build brand loyalty are the main missions at present. They are still the primary objects for multivitamins to make profit and sustain operation.

Claudio and Heros Relationship vs. Beatrice and Benedicks :: Much Ado About Nothing Shakespeare Love Essays

Claudio and Hero's Relationship vs. Beatrice and Benedick's The main topic of discussion is based around the relationships of Claudio and Hero and how their relationship differs from Beatrice’s and Benedick’s. The idea of marriage is an important factor. In Shakespeares time marriage was seen as an obligation and your wife would be ‘chosen’ for you. The decision making was made by the men. It was a very patriarchal society. Beatrice is a prime example of one of Shakespeare’s strong characters. She refuses to marry because she has not found the perfect equal partner and is unwilling to eschew her liberty to the will of a controlling husband. In her frustration and rage about Hero’s mistreatment, Beatrice rebels against the unequal status of women in Renaissance society. â€Å"O that I were a man for his sake! Or that I had any friend would be a man for my sake!† she passionately exclaims. â€Å"I cannot be a man with wishing, therefore I will die a woman with grieving†. Beatrice relates to women in a modern society because of her attitude towards society’s norms at that time. Benedick is the wilful lord who vows never to marry. He engages with Beatrice in a competition to outwit and outsmart each other, but to his observant friends he seems to feel some deeper emotions below the surface. Beatrice and Benedick have a more modern idea of a relationship. In Shakespeare’s time the idea of marriage was very different from today. Women had no freedom to marry for love, whereas today women have a lot more freedom and power to make their own choices. Love and marriage are the two most striking ideas in Much Ado About Nothing. The play ends with the union between a fair young woman and a

Healthcare Ethics Essay

To start with, the problems that arise in delivery of a baby where there are many problems encountered with the mother being a high risk case with any existing severe medical conditions posing pregnancy a high risk one or instances where the infant is being diagnosed to have a very fatal condition and its survival is not possible, in which ethically it is best to abort the baby, but the mother wants to take the risk which is indeed unethical. In such cases the patient should be counseled and made aware of the possible problems that has to be faced in the future. With the new reproductive technologies being brought in, there are a number of people opting for these technologies even though in some cases where it is known that it would not be a successful one. Ethically, undue usage of medical resources knowing the fact that the outcome is not going to give any positive result is against the ethical rules, because resources are to be used at a very limited pace, keeping in mind their availability. So the usage of resources are correlated with the issues where the risks are being taken which are unethical. It holds good in medical research where there are many times when the resources are unnecessarily wasted every now and then until they derive at what was intended to be derived without keeping in mind the harm caused, but just thinking about the beneficial outcome. The physician or a practicing health care official have many responsibilities and ethical means to be followed in his/her daily practice or career. Maintaining the confidentiality of the patient, where the patient would not want anybody other than the doctor has to be maintained respecting the thoughts and trust of the patient. Similarly, the physician has to tell the truth regarding the illness and its course if it is going to show a positive outcome or not, instead of keeping the patient in darkness and hope. Depending on the verdict of the physician it will enable the patient to make decisions as in to continue the treatment or stop the treatment or change to some other sort of treatment. This will help the physician and the managing staff to take decisions as well. Autonomy of a person or patient in ethical issue is very important and the one that has to be considered firstly. It solely lies in the patient to take decision or do what the patient wants. Autonomy plays a different role when it comes to children and infants where the parents play a vital role in giving or making a decision regarding the child. When it comes to the mentally ill its the related family members who take the decision. It lies in the consent of the families for the consent of the families for the treatment or withdrawal of treatment keeping in mind the best interests and well being of the children and the mentally ill. Geriatric age group forms a significant percentage of population and they need special care . Providing care to them when they are ill or long term care centre should be done ethically keeping in mind that they are people who need special attention. Ethical issues raised by development in modern medicine are many where there are conflicting views, thoughts and opinions about various issues. Among these issues are the euthanasia and physician assisted suicide which has raised a number of questions if it is ethical or unethical. Most countries are against such practice but few countries have made it legal. I would definitely consider the issues taught and discussed in the class if I face a situation like this in my practice. I am sure I would able to think better in an ethical manner in such situations after attending this class. Withdrawing treatment is another questionable issue, where in ethically it is approved because in a situation where the patient is in a permanent vegetative state or coma and no treatment is going to improve the condition of the patient it is better to withdraw treatment rather than prolong the treatment without any improvement is just not done, because by doing so the patient and his family are spending a huge amount of money on such care. End of life decision making is very crucial where ethically it depends on the patient in a state of competency, if not on the patient’s family. Ethically, by no means can the patient’s family make decisions when the patient is competent. The physician also plays a huge role in such a situation as he has to guide the patient and his family to do what is best in the interest of the patient. The health care ethics class has brought into light many ethical formulations that I need to know and practice as a physician. It helped me get better knowledge in topics like care of the elderly, care of the infants, mentally ill, how to manage the resources, about genetic testing, euthanasia and autonomy.